Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy involves using a laparoscope, a slender instrument equipped with a camera and light source, to visualise and perform surgical procedures within the abdomen and pelvis. Here’s a step-by-step overview of the procedure:

1. Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia ensures the patient remains unconscious and without pain throughout the surgical procedure.

2. Incision: A small incision, typically less than half an inch, is made near the belly button (umbilicus) to insert the laparoscope.

3. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Insufflation: CO2 gas is pumped into the abdomen through the incision. This inflates the abdominal cavity, creating space for the surgeon to work and providing clearer visibility.

4. Visualisation: The laparoscope, connected to a monitor, transmits high-definition images of the abdominal organs. This guides the surgeon in diagnosing conditions or performing surgical tasks.

5. Additional Incisions: Depending on the procedure, additional small incisions may be made to insert surgical instruments. These instruments allow for the manipulation of organs or tissues, such as grasping, cutting, or suturing.

6. Procedure Completion: Once the surgical tasks are completed, the laparoscope and instruments are removed and the CO2 gas is released from the abdomen.

7. Closure: Incisions are closed with sutures or surgical tape. These small wounds typically heal quickly and leave minimal scarring.