Sperm Donation

Sperm donation is a medical procedure that helps couples dealing with infertility. A carefully selected donor provides a semen sample that can be used in various assisted reproductive technologies like Intrauterine Insemination (IUI), In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI). Not anyone can donate sperm as sperm donation involves rigorous screening of donors to ensure genetic, physical, and mental fitness. The donated sperm is cryopreserved for use in assisted reproductive treatments.

Medical Procedures

Three primary assisted reproductive technologies leverage donor sperm, each with unique approaches to helping individuals achieve their dream of parenthood.

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): A precise and minimally invasive procedure where carefully selected donor sperm is directly placed into the woman’s uterus during her most fertile period. This technique maximizes the potential for natural fertilization by strategically positioning high-quality sperm closer to the egg, increasing the chances of successful conception.

In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): A more complex approach where donor sperm fertilizes eggs outside the body in a controlled laboratory environment. Eggs are carefully retrieved and combined with donor sperm, allowing embryologists to monitor fertilization and select the most viable embryos for transfer. This method provides greater control and insight into the early stages of potential pregnancy.

Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): The most advanced technique, where a single donor sperm is microscopically injected directly into a mature egg. This method is particularly effective for addressing severe male factor infertility, ensuring precise sperm selection and maximizing the potential for successful fertilization when traditional methods may not be viable.

Benefit From Sperm Donation

Medical Scenarios:

  • Men with extremely low sperm count (oligospermia) or poor sperm motility (asthenozoospermia).
  • Couples where the male partner has azoospermia (complete absence of sperm) or testicular failure.
  • Couples with genetic disorders or chromosomal abnormalities risking hereditary transmission of severe medical conditions.
  • Men with obstructive or non-obstructive causes of infertility, including prior medical treatments (e.g., chemotherapy, radiation therapy) leading to sperm production failure.
  • Situations involving Rh incompatibility where the male partner’s blood type poses risks to the pregnancy.
  • Severe sexual dysfunction, where natural conception is challenging.

Personal Scenarios:

  • Couples where the male partner has irreversible or unexplained fertility issues.
  • Single women desiring biological motherhood through assisted reproductive techniques (ART).
  • Same-sex female couples who wish to conceive and start a family.
  • Widowed women looking to pursue motherhood after losing their partner.
  • Women in situations where their male partner has undergone vasectomy or sterilization but no longer wishes to undergo reversal.
  • Couples who have experienced multiple failed IVF cycles or ICSI attempts with the male partner’s sperm and are exploring alternative solutions.

How to Become a Sperm Donor

Becoming a sperm donor is a rigorous process with stringent eligibility criteria:

Basic Demographic Requirements for Sperm Donation

  • Age Range: 18 to 40 years (most banks prefer 18-35)
  • Physical Health: Excellent overall condition
  • Lifestyle: Non-smoker, no drug use
  • Minimum sperm count: 15 million per milliliter
  • At least 40% sperm motility
  • Normal sperm morphology
  • No family history of genetic disorders

Cost of Sperm Donation

1. Donor Compensation

Donor compensation reflects the time, effort, and associated medical screening costs incurred during the sperm donation process. This ensures that donors are fairly compensated for their commitment to the process. 

  • Compensation Range For Sperm Donors: ₹1,000 to ₹20,000
  • Average Compensation For Sperm Donors: ₹8,000 to ₹10,000

The compensation amount may vary depending on factors such as:

  • The donor’s time commitment during the screening, donation, and follow-up process.
  • The fertility clinic’s policies and the specific requirements of the program.
  • The number of donations made or the clinic’s need for certain donor criteria (e.g., specific blood type, educational background, etc.).

2. Recipient Costs

The cost of fertility treatments involving donor sperm can differ significantly based on the chosen clinic and the type of treatment plan. Recipient costs typically encompass several key components:

  • Medical Screening and Testing: Ensuring donor sperm is healthy and free of infectious diseases. This includes genetic screening, blood tests, and semen analysis.
  • Processing and Storage: Preparation of the sperm sample for insemination (e.g., washing, freezing, and cryopreservation to maintain viability).
  • Insemination Procedure: Costs may vary depending on the type of fertility treatment chosen whether it is IUI. IVF or ICSI.

Tests Required For Sperm Donation

  1. Medical History Evaluation
    • Two-generation family medical history review
    • Identifying potential hereditary conditions
  2. Physical Examination
    • Complete health assessment
    • Checking for any underlying health conditions
  3. Comprehensive Testing
    • Blood tests for genetic disorders
    • Screening for infectious diseases
    • Tests for HIV, Hepatitis B/C, Syphilis
    • Genetic carrier screening
  4. Psychological Evaluation
    • Mental health assessment
    • Understanding long-term psychological implications

Why Choose Us

Choosing the right fertility clinic is crucial for starting your family. At Birla Fertility & IVF, we offer personalised care with expert specialists guiding you every step of the way. Our advanced labs and outstanding success rates have helped over 2,30,000 patients achieve their dream of parenthood.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Sperm samples can be preserved for up to 20-30 years or longer when stored properly in liquid nitrogen at temperatures below -196°C.

It depends on the laws and agreements in place: Anonymous Donation: In many countries, sperm donors remain anonymous, and there is no way to know or contact children conceived. Open/Non-Anonymous Donation: Some programs allow donor-conceived children to access donor information once they turn 18. Donors may be aware of the existence of children but typically do not play a parental role. Before donating, it’s important to clarify the policies of the clinic or sperm bank.

No, sperm donation is not painful or harmful. Donors typically provide a semen sample through masturbation. The process is non-invasive and safe. Clinics may require regular screenings, but these are routine and not harmful.

Sperm donation frequency varies but is typically once or twice per week. Frequent donations may be restricted to ensure sperm quality and health. Most clinics have a limit on the number of donations a single donor can provide over time to prevent excessive offspring.

Sperm samples are analyzed for: Sperm count: The number of sperm per milliliter of semen. Motility: How well the sperm move. Morphology: The shape and structure of the sperm. Donors must meet minimum thresholds to ensure fertility success.

No, sperm donation does not negatively impact fertility. The body continuously produces new sperm, so regular donations do not deplete sperm reserves.

Donors can withdraw at any time before the sperm is used. However, once the sperm is used to conceive a child, withdrawal of consent is no longer possible.

No. Sperm donors typically sign legal agreements waiving parental rights and responsibilities. The intended parents are considered the legal parents of the child.

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