Ovarian Cysts Treatment in Cuttack

There are different kinds of ovarian cysts with different risk levels.

• Functional Cysts

These are the most common cysts, linked to the menstrual cycle. They include follicular cysts (which develop when the follicle doesn’t release an egg) and corpus luteum cysts (formed after ovulation). Usually, these cysts are harmless and disappear without treatment within a few menstrual cycles.

• Dermoid Cysts (Mature Cystic Teratomas)

These cysts contain tissues like hair, skin, etc., because they arise from germ cells. Though generally benign, dermoid cysts often require surgical removal as they can grow or cause complications.

• Endometriomas (Chocolate Cysts)

These cysts develop in women with endometriosis in which uterine tissue grows outside the uterus. Endometriomas can cause chronic pelvic pain and may affect fertility.

• Cystadenomas

Formed from ovarian tissue, these cysts can be filled with fluid (serous cystadenomas) or mucus (mucinous cystadenomas) and can become quite large. Removal is often recommended to prevent complications.

• Polycystic Ovaries (PCOS)

Polycystic ovaries have multiple small cysts resulting from a hormonal imbalance. PCOS is a broader syndrome affecting menstrual cycles, ovulation, and metabolism, requiring specialised management beyond cyst removal.

Some ovarian cysts may show no symptoms, but others can produce some noticeable symptoms, which should not be overlooked.

• Pelvic Pain or Discomfort

A dull or sharp ache in the lower abdomen or pelvis usually on the side of the cyst. Pain may elevate during menstruation or sexual intercourse.

• Abdominal Bloating or Swelling

An enlarged cyst can cause a feeling of fullness or pressure in the abdomen.

• Changes in Menstrual Cycle

Irregular periods, spotting between cycles, or heavier menstrual bleeding may indicate cyst activity.

• Painful Urination or Bowel Movements

If the cyst presses on the bladder or bowel, discomfort during urination or defecation can occur.

• Sudden Severe Pain

This may signal cyst rupture or ovarian torsion (twisting), which is a medical emergency requiring immediate care.

The following are some of the known factors that can trigger the growth of ovarian cysts.

• Hormonal Imbalance

Fluctuations in hormones controlling ovulation are the most common cause of functional cysts.

• Endometriosis

In this condition, tissue similar to uterine lining grows on the ovaries, forming cysts known as endometriomas.

• Pelvic Infections

Infections can reach the ovaries and fallopian tubes, sometimes leading to abscess formation that needs infection treatment.

• Pregnancy

During early pregnancy, cysts may develop as part of the normal process, usually resolving on their own.

• Previous Ovarian Cysts

A history of cysts increases the risk of recurrence.

• Other Factors

Genetic predisposition, lifestyle, and medical conditions like PCOS, contribute to cyst formation.

Identifying the cause helps our doctors at Birla Fertility & IVF, Cuttack, customise your treatment effectively.

Accurate diagnosis is the foundation for effective treatment. At Birla Fertility & IVF, Cuttack, we combine different diagnostic tools (if required) to accurately identify your problem.

• Pelvic Ultrasound 

The most common and effective imaging technique, ultrasound, helps visualise cyst size, shape, and structure.

• Blood Tests

These include hormonal assays (like LH, FSH, estrogen) to assess ovulation and reproductive health, and tumour markers such as CA-125 to rule out malignancy if needed.

• MRI or CT Scan

Used selectively for complex or ambiguous cases where ultrasound results are inconclusive or when more detailed imaging is necessary.

• Additional Tests

Laparoscopy may be advised for direct visualisation and diagnosis in certain cases.