Azoospermia Treatment in India

There are three types of azoospermia:

Post-testicular azoospermia: This means that there’s a blockage or missing connection along your reproductive tract. You’re producing sperm but it’s getting blocked from exiting for whatever reason. This type is also called obstructive azoospermia. It’s the most common type, affecting up to 40% of people with azoospermia.

Testicular azoospermia: This type of azoospermia means you have poor or no sperm production due to a disorder in (or damage to) the structure or function of your testicles. This is sometimes called nonobstructive azoospermia.

Pretesticular azoospermia: Your testicles and reproductive tract appear normal but aren’t stimulated enough by hormones to make sperm. This can happen after chemotherapy or due to hormone imbalance. This is also considered a type of nonobstructive azoospermia.

Azoospermia affects about 1% of all men.

The majority of men have no symptoms at all. The semen feels and appears just normal. Semen analysis is the only technique to verify it.

However, certain indicators might be present, depending on the underlying cause: 

Hormonal / Testicular signs

• Low sex drive
• Dysfunctional erection
• Testicles that are small or undescended
• Pain, swelling, or a lump near the testicles (which could be a sign of a blockage or varicocele)
• Hair loss on the face or body (an indication of an imbalance in hormones)
• Gynecomastia, or enlarged breast tissue, is associated with an imbalance between estrogen and testosterone. 

Structural signs (Obstructive Azoospermia)

• Past surgical history (vasectomy, pelvic surgery, hernia repair)
• Past medical history of illnesses such as epididymitis or STDs
• Blockage may not cause any symptoms at all. 

Genetic / Chromosomal signs (Non-Obstructive)

• Features of Klinefelter syndrome include learning challenges, undersized testes, and tall stature.
• Infertility in the family history
• Childhood history of cryptorchidism or undescended testes

If your semen examination reveals no sperm on two different occasions, medical professionals will diagnose you with azoospermia. A sperm study typically occurs after a couple has made unsuccessful attempts to conceive.

Your healthcare provider will obtain your complete medical history in order to determine the reason of azoospermia, including inquiries regarding:

• Pelvic injuries or procedures.
• Infections such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or urinary tract infections (UTIs).
• Your past and present prescription drugs.
• Any drug, alcohol, or marijuana use.
• Exposure to heat or sauna use.
• Cystic fibrosis, infertility, or birth defects run in the family.

A comprehensive physical examination will also be performed by your healthcare physician, who will pay particular attention to the areas of your scrotum. A rectal exam could also be part of it.